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FAQ

Check out our Frequently Asked Questions ↓

1. What is 1918 and its purpose?

The most fitting description of the 1918 platform is Venture and Talent Scouting within the field of Autonomous and Robotic defense systems.

2. What exactly does 1918 represent?

1918 is the name of a European network of R&D teams dedicated to the development, production, and modification of combat-proven robotic and autonomous defense systems. The 1918 is a Pan-European R&D platform focused on innovation in autonomous and robotic defense, specializing primarily in drones—airborne, ground-based, waterborne, and underwater. Through our unwavering commitment to research and cutting-edge technologies, we are crafting innovative solutions for modern European defense and security. And all of our solutions are developed in close cooperation with elite European military Units.

3. Why 1918 as a brand?

The name “1918” honours the actual year 1918 when “our” nations of Poland, the Czech Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia and Ukraine secured their independence and first stood firm in defence of their sovereignty. For each of these nations, the year 1918 marked the birth of their independence:

  • Czechoslovakia declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire on 28th of October 1918.

  • Poland regained its sovereignty after 123 years of partition by Russia, Prussia, and Austria on 11th of November 1918.

  • Estonia proclaimed its independence on 24th of February 1918.

  • Latvia declared its independence on 18th of November 1918.

  • Lithuania followed suit with its declaration of independence on 16th of February 1918.

  • Ukrainian People’s Republic (UPR) declared its independence following the collapse of the Russian Empire during the October Revolution on 22nd of January 1918.

    The year 1918 stands as a symbol of our nations’ unwavering commitment to preserving the democratic values, national integrity, and independence established by our ancestors. We honour this legacy through the development of game-changing Autonomous and Robotic defense systems under the 1918 brand. .

    In this modern age, the Autonomous and Robotic defence systems represent the only efficient defence assets capable of safeguarding smaller states from the ever-growing threats they face.

4. What is the 1918s expertise ?

At 1918, we stand with unwavering pride and absolute commitment to safeguarding the freedoms and values that, in 1918, formed the bedrock of sovereign European democracies. These values remain the very foundation upon which our shared vision for a free and secure Europe is built, and it is for these values that we continue to fight. We battle not only in the development laboratories but also on the front lines. Our founding team is forged from the ranks of elite combat units. Some of our members have served and continue to serve within NATO’s combat structures, while others have served or are currently serving in the Ukrainian Armed Forces. A considerable part of our team boasts an extensive and proven track record within the technological development units of the Israeli Armed Forces. We bring with us invaluable combat experience from the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine, Syria, and the Middle East. We possess a profound understanding of modern autonomous and robotic defense systems, and it is this expertise that drives our mission forward.

5. Who forms the 1918 teams?

The 1918´s teams are composed of dedicated professionals, working in independent yet coordinated groups across Central and Eastern Europe. With a reputation for excellence and vast experience, we bring together:

  • Military specialists and R&D experts from European NATO forces
  • R&D experts with track-record within Israeli Defence Forces
  • Elite military personnel and strategists from Ukrainian Armed Forces
  • Academics from leading European universities in the development of Robotics and Autonomous Systems.

6. What is your business track record in Autonomous and Robotic Defense Systems?

1918 was founded out of necessity to continuously expand our R&D capabilities by integrating new talent with specialized expertise. Our seed investors have a proven history of success in defense ventures, among others the joint venture established in the Czech Republic for the production of the most widely used military reconnaissance and attack drones currently deployed by the Ukrainian Armed Forces. Additionally, we boast a decade-long, successful track record with Elbit Systems, a leading Israeli defense R&D company supplying the Israeli Armed Forces.

7. How does 1918 source new talent and defense projects?

The 1918 was created in response to our increasing need to expand and strengthen our existing development teams. A key function of our platform is to act as a scouting hub for acquiring new talent and identifying innovative defense projects we could finance. We actively seek to involve the broader academic and development community to ensure our solutions remain at the forefront of technological advancement.

8. How does 1918 ensure confidentiality and personal security for its team members?

At 1918, our work involves sensitive technologies that are bound by strict confidentiality and legal regulations. Operating without a physical headquarters is a key security measure that aligns with legal and regulatory requirements. This approach reflects modern practices in high-tech R&D, where virtual and decentralized teams are the norm. Similar models are adopted by leading companies in industries such as online banking and cloud computing, which also function without traditional office infrastructure.
At 1918, we guarantee the highest level of confidentiality and personal security for each team member by offering the option to collaborate either in-house or remotely through our secure, encrypted data networks. This approach guarantees maximum discretion. As part of our security policy, each team member only interacts with those they directly collaborate with, ensuring that personal identities remain unknown to others within the organisation.

9. Does 1918 finance a third party projects?

At 1918 we are actively seeking new projects in Autonomous and Robotic defense systems to expand our portfolio. We are open to financing all initiatives with game-changing potential. The 1918 is the only R&D platform for autonomous and robotic defense systems within the EU with direct access to Ukraine’s most renowned and elite brigades (operating Autonomous and Robotic defense systems). This guarantees that every system we develop has practical, frontline applicability.

10. How does 1918 contribute to modern European security?

The ongoing conflict in Ukraine has highlighted the strategic importance of advanced autonomous and robotic defense systems. Russia’s war tactics, rooted in the principle of “quantity over quality,” can be effectively countered not by increasing the number of soldiers and machines but through sophisticated autonomous defense systems. Our technologies provide a crucial advantage in modern warfare and are key to ensuring Europe’s security against potential invasions.

Please, never forget that the average ratio of Ukrainian forces to Russian invading troops stands at 1:7. This means that for every Ukrainian soldier, there are roughly seven Russian soldiers in the conflict. In this modern age, the Autonomous and Robotic defence systems represent the only efficient European defence strategy capable of safeguarding smaller states from the ever-growing threats they face. Top-tier Autonomous and Robotic defense systems efficiently save lives, both of the civilians and the military personall.

11. What is the role of 1918 in the broader European defense ecosystem?

1918 is an integral part of the European defense ecosystem, working closely with NATO defense structures. We contribute by developing cutting-edge autonomous systems for air, land, and sea operations, with a focus on enhancing defense capabilities in response to contemporary threats. Our solutions complement traditional defense platforms and play a key role in shaping the future of military technology in Europe.

12. What sets 1918 apart from traditional defense companies?

While we collaborate with traditional defense contractors, we are solely focused on the development of autonomous and robotic weapon systems. Our expertise is in advanced military systems that provide a technological edge, particularly in response to modern warfare tactics and strategies.

13. Does 1918 rely on ongoing conflicts for its success and existence?

No, 1918 does not rely on ongoing conflicts for its success or existence. Our goal at 1918 is European security. Our focus at 1918 is on advancing autonomous and robotic defense technologies, which are essential for modern security challenges, irrespective of active wars. Our solutions are designed to enhance European defense capabilities, ensuring preparedness against emerging threats in both peacetime and wartime scenarios.

14. What is to be understood by the category of Autonomous Defence Systems?

Autonomous and Robotic defence systems are cutting-edge technologies capable of executing military tasks remotely, while still being controlled by a human operator. They are specifically designed for combat, defence, or to support troops on the ground, in the air, on or under water..

The distinction between autonomous and robotic systems:
Autonomous systems integrate various levels of artificial intelligence (AI), enabling them to assess combat situations with maximum efficiency. For instance, they can autonomously search for and identify threats, though, of course, they remain under human supervision at all times.
Robotic systems, by contrast, are remotely controlled by an operator, though they may feature partial automation, such as automatically locking onto a target.
For clarity, here are several common examples:

  • Autonomous Drone – Patrolling the border, it autonomously identifies enemy forces.
  • Robotic Defence Towers – These automatically detect movement and aim at the target, but firing must be authorised by the operator.
  • Ground Combat Robots – Armed, crewless vehicles that provide support to infantry in battle.
    These systems reduce risks to soldiers and enhance the efficiency of defensive operations.

15. So, once again, what is the utility of Autonomous and Robotic defence systems?

The utility of autonomous and robotic defence systems lies in their ability to protect military personnel and civilians alike. In this sense, they significantly enhance defensive capabilities.
The primary benefits are as follows:

  • Protection of Soldiers – Robots and drones can undertake hazardous missions in place of humans, such as reconnaissance of enemy territory or mine clearance.
  • Protection of Civilians – Precise autonomous and robotic systems reduce the risk of collateral damage and allow for better discrimination between targets.
  • Continuous Surveillance – Drones and autonomous drones can patrol borders or sensitive sites 24/7, without the need for human presence.
  • Rapid Response – Robotic defence systems can swiftly evaluate threats and react immediately, thus improving security.
  • Support for Soldiers in Combat – Ground combat robots can provide fire support and evacuate the wounded.
    Through these technologies, loss of life is minimised, and safety is enhanced both on the battlefield and in civilian areas.

16. Are Autonomous systems therefore more advanced, and thus more efficient, than Robotic technologies?

Not at all. An Autonomous defense system is not necessarily more advanced or modern than a Robotic one. Robotic systems are operated remotely by an operator, even though they may incorporate some degree of automation (for example, automatic targeting, often using machine learning technologies or artificial intelligence). An example of this would be a drone controlled by an operator via a camera and joystick.

Autonomous systems, on the other hand, are capable of making decisions independently, based on artificial intelligence and sensors (for example, they can identify a target without human intervention). A prime example would be a drone that autonomously tracks and analyzes the movements of enemy invasion forces.

It is not accurate to say that autonomous systems are more modern than robotic systems. Both types have distinct applications: In certain situations, human control is preferable (such as in complex combat operations), while in others, autonomy is more advantageous, for instance, in long-term surveillance or defensive systems that must respond instantly. Each system has its place on the modern battlefield, as well as in peacetime defense operations. They complement one another according to specific military, or if you will, defensive needs.

17. I understand, then, that an Autonomous system does not automatically mean it is a more modern technology than a Robotic one. However, is “autonomous” synonymous with “AI,” or artificial intelligence?

Not at all. Autonomous technology does not necessarily involve AI, or artificial intelligence. Often, autonomous systems operate using something called “machine learning,” which is distinct from AI. Once again, these are not the same categories, and it cannot be said that AI is necessarily more advanced or capable than machine learning. It all depends on the specific purpose for which the military technology is used. In fact, machine learning systems can sometimes be more advanced and refined than AI-based technologies. While closely related, they are not the same systems.

Artificial intelligence (AI) - is a broader term. It encompasses all technologies that can perform tasks that would typically require human intelligence (such as object recognition, decision-making, planning, etc.).

Machine learning - which is a subset of AI, refers to systems that learn from data and improve over time (for instance, facial recognition in camera systems).

Artificial intelligence is, therefore, a broad field, and machine learning is one of its technologies.

18. So Defence systems may indeed be both Autonomous and Robotic simultaneously and they do not exclude one another nor compete. The specific purpose of each system will always determine its configuration and role.

Could you elaborate on the particular defence systems that constitute the category of autonomous and robotic systems, and how they fall within the remit of 1918?

Autonomous and Robotic defence systems are cutting-edge technologies, capable of functioning independently or under minimal human oversight. In general, they represent a far more efficient tool than traditional weaponry, such as aircraft or missile systems. However, let it be known that they do not compete; rather, in strategic military applications, they complement one another seamlessly and effectively.

Autonomous and obotic defence systems find use not only in military operations but also in security, humanitarian, and civilian applications. At 1918, we focus solely on technologies with military applications. While some of these may also have dual-use applications (both military and civilian), or be military in nature without being categorised as lethal technologies, the exclusive focus of 1918 remains on the following categories of Autonomous and Robotic defence technologies:

1. Lethal Autonomous and Robotic defense systems – used for combat operations

  • Combat Drones – unmanned aerial vehicles specifically designed for precise attacks on enemy military personnel or equipment. Combat drones can be airborne, or operate on the ground (wheeled, tracked, hybrid), as well as on the surface or beneath the water.
  • Autonomous Weapon Systems – platforms that use artificial intelligence to identify and target objectives.

2. Non-lethal Autonomous and Robotic technology – protection, monitoring and electronic defense

  • Reconnaissance Aerial, Land, Water, and Underwater Drones – provide intelligence gathering and communications.
  • Counter-UAV Systems – designed to detect and neutralise enemy drones.
  • Electronic Warfare Systems – disrupt enemy communications and radar systems without causing physical damage.

3. Dual use technology (both military and civilian applications)

  • Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Image Analysis – supports both military and rescue operations.
  • Explosive Ordnance Disposal Robotics – removes mines and unexploded ordnance.
  • Cyber Security – safeguards data and critical infrastructure from cyberattacks.

4. Telecommunications, Radar and Data security

  • Encrypted Communication – secures both military and civilian data transmissions.
  • Radar and Detection Systems
  • Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Military Planning and execution – enhances and streamlines defence operations and logistics.

5. Medical and rescue technologies

  • Autonomous Evacuation Vehicles – safely transport the wounded from the battlefield.
  • Smart Prostheses – enhance the movement capabilities of injured soldiers and civilians.

6. Non-Lethal Crowd Control Solutions

  • Acoustic and Optical Deterrent Systems – Non-lethal technologies for area denial and crowd management without causing harm.
  • Non-Lethal Directed Energy Technologies – Devices that deter aggressors or disperse crowds with minimal physical impact.

Autonomous and Robotic defense technologies enhance the safety of soldiers and civilians alike, while boosting the efficiency of operations and aiding in crises. Their purpose extends beyond combat—they protect lives and secure vital infrastructure. These technologies are not replacements for traditional defense systems, but powerful complements to them. Thus 1918 proudly partners with esteemed, longstanding European defense industry manufacturers.

19. Why are Autonomous and Robotic systems the pivotal and indispensable elements of modern defense?

Autonomous and Robotic defense technologies developed by 1918 are vital to the safety of both soldiers and civilians, enhancing the efficiency of defensive operations while aiding in crisis situations. Their role transcends the battlefield, extending to the protection and rescue of lives, including securing critical civilian and military infrastructure. As previously stated, they are not competitors but, in fact, serve as a highly effective complement to traditional defence systems.
The average ratio of Ukrainian forces to Russian invading troops stands at 1:7. This means that for every Ukrainian soldier, there are roughly seven Russian soldiers in the conflict. In this modern age, the s represent the only defence strategy capable of safeguarding smaller states from the ever-growing threats they face. Top-tier Autonomous and Robotic defense systems developed by 1918 efficiently save lives, both of the civilians and the military personal.

20. Could you please introduce the domain of military drones?

A fundamental classification can be made based on the environment in which the drones operate: air, land, and water.
In the case of aerial, or more precisely, flying drones (known as UAVs—Unmanned Aerial Vehicles—or as a broader category UAS—Unmanned Aerial Systems), these are unmanned aircraft designed for various military missions, such as reconnaissance, surveillance, combat operations, or logistical support. The operator replaces the pilot, and the system is remotely controlled from the ground.
There are two primary design categories for “unmanned aircraft”:

  • Copters (multirotors) – These drones feature multiple rotors (blades), allowing them to hover in place, manoeuvre with ease, and take off and land vertically. They are used for short distances, such as reconnaissance, monitoring, or precision strikes.
  • Wing-type drones (fixed-wing) – These resemble small airplanes, flying faster and farther than copters. They are suited for long-range missions, such as strategic reconnaissance or bombing. They require a launch ramp or catapult and land either by gliding or using a parachute.
    The main differences between these drones are:
  • Range: copters have a shorter range (tens of kilometres), whereas wing-type drones have a much greater range (up to hundreds of kilometres, depending on the type of propulsion system).
  • Engine: copters use electric motors, while wing-type drones may feature electric, combustion, jet, or hybrid engines depending on the intended use.
  • Purpose: copters are ideal for precise operations in smaller areas, while wing-type drones are suited for long-range missions and larger areas.
    Each type of drone is designed for specific military tasks and employs the most advanced technologies to fulfil its missions with utmost efficiency.

21. Does this mean that Copter-type drones and Wing-type drones compete with one another?

Copter-type drones and wing-type drones do not compete; rather, they complement one another, depending on the needs of the military operation. Each type has distinct characteristics and is designed for a specific purpose.
Copter-type drones are ideal for short-term missions requiring precision and flexibility. The core category consists of small, lightweight drones, familiar from wartime intelligence reports, which are used for reconnaissance, guidance, or light attacks. However, there are also large copters, the size of a personal vehicle, fulfilling strategic roles such as:

  • Motherships – transporting and launching smaller drones into action.
  • Signal relay – serving as mobile communication hubs for units in the field.
  • Electronic warfare – disrupting enemy communications and radar systems.
    In contrast, wing-type drones are used for prolonged operations over great distances, such as deep reconnaissance within enemy territory or precise strikes.
    Both types are integrated for efficient deployment—copter drones operate close to the battlefield, while wing-type drones monitor and support missions from afar.

22. So, the small drones with four propellers, which we often see in the news destroying tanks, are Copter-type drones?

Indeed, those small Copter-type drones, costing only a few thousand dollars, are capable of destroying tanks, ships, or other equipment worth millions of euros. They are inexpensive, readily available, and operators can quickly deploy them for direct attacks or reconnaissance.

However, this is merely the beginning—just the tip of the iceberg. These small drones cannot function strategically on their own—they have limited range and payload, and their operators depend on the information gathered by larger, fixed-wing drones. For small drones to be truly effective, they require the support of larger and more sophisticated drone systems, which provide:

  • Signal transmission and command – large drones act as airborne communication hubs.
  • Surveillance and guidance – wing-type drones observe the battlefield from high altitudes, providing target information.
  • Logistics and support – larger drones can deliver additional small drones directly into action.
    It is precisely the combination of small, medium, and large drones that creates a functional ecosystem, ensuring efficiency and dominance on the modern battlefield. And, importantly, it offers a more cost-effective solution than fighter jets or conventional missiles.
    The small copter drones you inquire about are relatively inexpensive. Typically, they start at a value in the lower millions. Larger wing-type attack and reconnaissance drones range in the hundreds of thousands to low millions. High-altitude reconnaissance and attack drones can cost hundreds of millions. Yet, their deployment is rarely disclosed, even in the media, as they fall under classified military projects.

23. You mention the European 1918 R&D (Research and Development) network of teams. What exactly does this entail?

The work of 1918 is carried out within independent research and development teams. These are centrally managed by 1918 headquarters, yet each 1918 team operates autonomously on distinct tasks. They are unfamiliar with each other, yet these individual teams do not compete. The outcome of the work from these independent teams is a synergistic whole.

24. What exactly does this independence mean? What exactly are your 1918 teams working on, and what does this independence entail?

Different 1918 R&D teams are focused on various components of Autonomous and Robotic defense systems, including their seamless integration. This policy of independent 1918 R&D operations allows for swift adaptation to modifications during the development and testing phases, or the implementation of the latest insights drawn from real-combat situations. For instance, in the context of Ukraine, the 1918 provides continuous technical support to elite Ukrainian combat formations. We are able to respond promptly to requests directly from the battlefield. The 1918 possess a unique connection system—a technological cluster that links leading universities, academic research, and technological hubs within the elite units of the Ukrainian Armed Forces, even the Israeli Defence Forces, and traditional NATO suppliers.

Through these partnerships, the 1918 creates cutting-edge Autonomous and Robotic systems that enhance the efficiency, safety, and capabilities of defence forces in challenging environments. Our technologies serve to protect lives and enable rapid adaptation to the fast-evolving challenges of combat and security.

25. How do the 1918 drones differ from standard commercial drones?

The 1918 Autonomous and Robotic defense systems, including drone systems, are primarily developed for military and defence purposes. This means greater resilience, advanced sensors, autonomous decision-making capabilities, and integration with other traditional defence systems.

26. What is the primary objective of 1918 technologies?

The 1918´s objective is to enhance the security and effectiveness of defense operations. The 1918 Autonomous and Robotic defense systems help minimize human casualties, expedite decision-making processes, and ensure more precise and focused control over military operations. The 1918 works towards Europe’s security defense self-sufficiency. The 1918 develops the maximum number of technological components, so 1918 is not compelled to seek subcontractors outside Europe.

27. Do you collaborate with out-of-Europe technology companies, e.s. From China? They are reportedly the furthest advanced in development.

China and its allies represent a “no-go” area for 1918. In accordance with 1918´s internal security policy, we do not engage with any of the world’s high-risk and potentially adversarial regions representing possible security threats for Europe.

28. Do you collaborate with universities and scientific institutions?

Indeed, our development teams at 1918 collaborate with leading European universities and scientific institutions, where we jointly develop advanced technologies and support the education of future experts.

29. What ethical considerations does 1918 take into account when developing Autonomous and Robotic defense systems?

Safety, responsibility, and compliance with EU´s legal standards are our priorities. All 1918 Autonomous and Robotic defense systems are designed with a strong focus on human operator control, ensuring ethical, legal, and, above all, safe use.

30. What role do autonomous systems play in modern defense?

In addition to what has already been explained, autonomous and robotic defense systems, in general, accelerate response times, enable missions in dangerous areas without endangering human lives, and provide crucial real-time intelligence for swift and precise tactical decision making.

31. Are Autonomous and Robotic defense systems safe?

Yes, Autonomous and Robotic systems are developed by 1918 with a focus on safety and reliability. They include advanced algorithms for operational precision, minimalizing system errors, and are designed to operate under human control with multi-level independent oversight.

32. Can Autonomous and Robotic defense system make decisions independently without human oversight?

All Autonomous and Robotic defense systems are developed by 1918 with a strong focus on human control and responsibility. While they can autonomously analyze situations and recommend actions, the final decision always rests with a top-tier, trained and highly experienced operator.

33. How can Autonomous and Robotic systems contribute to national and European defense?

Autonomous technologies enhance defensive capabilities, reduce risks to human personnel, and provide a strategic advantage in fulfilling critical defense missions.

34. What is the future of Autonomous and Robotic defense systems?

The future of Autonomous and Robotic defense systems lies in the integration of artificial intelligence and highly sophisticated machine-learning systems, facilitating cooperation between autonomous units and the rapid adaptability to new foreign threats. Continuous development and innovation are key to the future of Europe’s modern defense. Autonomous and Robotic defense systems will play a crucial and irreplaceable role within European security.